{"id":303663,"date":"2021-02-26T15:37:44","date_gmt":"2021-02-26T14:37:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scribbr.nl\/?post_type=qa_faqs&p=303663"},"modified":"2022-03-14T15:49:19","modified_gmt":"2022-03-14T14:49:19","slug":"et-al-in-citations","status":"publish","type":"qa_faqs","link":"https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/frequently-asked-questions\/et-al-in-citations\/","title":{"rendered":"When should I use “et al.” in citations?"},"content":{"rendered":"

The abbreviation<\/a> \u201cet al.<\/a>\u201d (Latin for \u201cand others\u201d) is used to shorten citations of sources with multiple authors.<\/p>\n

\u201cEt al.\u201d is used in APA in-text citations<\/a> of sources with 3+ authors, e.g. (Smith et al., 2019). It is not used in APA reference entries<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Use \u201cet al.\u201d for 3+ authors in MLA in-text citations<\/a> and <\/em>Works Cited<\/a> entries.<\/p>\n

Use \u201cet al.\u201d for 4+ authors in a Chicago in-text citation<\/a>, and for 10+ authors in a Chicago bibliography<\/a> entry.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","faq_category":[45332],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"When should I use "et al." in citations?<\/title>\n <!-- Mirrored from www.scribbr.com/wp-json/wp/v2/qa_faqs/303663 by HTTrack Website Copier/3.x [XR/YP'2000] --> <!-- Added by HTTrack --><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /><!-- /Added by HTTrack --> <meta name=\"description\" content=\"The term \u201cet al.\u201d is used to shorten citations of sources with multiple authors. 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